Small, portable terrestrial jammers are easy to purchase and use they typically have a range of 3-5 kilometers in urban areas, while in rural areas their range can increase to up to 20 kilometers. The jamming frequencies are limited to a specific area and are able to interfere only with the frequency emanating from the satellite in a specific location. Rather than targeting the satellite itself, as is the case in orbital jamming, terrestrial jamming involves transmitting rogue frequencies in the direction of local consumer-level satellite dishes. In terrestrial jamming, the attacker transmits rogue frequencies in the direction of terrestrial targets (ground satellite dishes). The two forms of satellite jamming are “orbital” and “terrestrial”: Satellite jamming is a hacking method often used to interfere with communication for distribution of media for censorship purpose. The hackers use a directed antenna to produce the interference, usually a specifically crafted signal having enough power to override the original transmitted signal. Interference has become the primary cause of the impairment and degradation of satellite services. Jamming is probably the best-known satellite hacking technique the attacker floods or overpowers a signal, a transmitter, or a receiver, interfering with legitimate transmission.
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